Let's take a look at how to apply styles and themes to our Android app. The Theme Preview tool allows us to see how the new theme will look on our app. You'll be able to see how the UI elements will look when you apply the theme. A well designed theme can set your app apart, and help you to develop faster.
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Warning: Starting with version 3.3, Theme Editor is no longer included with Android Studio.
Android Studio includes a visual assistant called Theme Editor that helps you:
- Create and modifythemes for your app.
- Adjust themes for different resource classifiers.
- Visualize the effect of color changes on common UI elements.
This page introduces the fundamental tasks that you can perform with the ThemeEditor, and explains how to do so.
Theme Editor basics
This section describes how to access the Theme Editor, and how it is laid out.
Accessing the Theme Editor
There are two ways to open the Theme Editor:
- From an open styles XML file, such as
styles.xml
, clickOpen editor near the top-right of the file window. - From the Tools menu, choose Theme Editor.
Navigating the Theme Editor
The Theme Editor's main screen is divided into two sections. The left side of the editorshows what specific UI elements, such as the app bar or a raised button, look likewhen you apply the current theme to them. The right side of the editor displaysthe name of the current theme being previewed, the module where the theme is defined,and the settings for theme resources, such as Theme parent andcolorPrimary. You can modify design themes by changing these resourcesettings.
Themes and colors
The Theme Editor allows you to create new themes, modify existing ones, and manage thecolors that make up the themes.
Creating new themes
To create a theme, follow these steps:
- Open the Theme dropdown menu near the top of the rightside of the Theme Editor.
- Click Create New Theme.
- In the New Theme dialog, enter a name for the new theme.
- In the Parent theme name list, click on the parent from which the theme inherits initial resources.
Renaming themes
To rename a theme, perform the following steps:
- Open the Theme dropdown menu near the top of the rightside of the Theme Editor.
- Click Rename theme-name.
- In the Rename dialog, enter a new name for the theme.
- (optional) To see how the changes will look, click Preview.
- To apply the changes, click Refactor.
Changing color resources
To change an existing color resource, such as colorPrimary,follow these steps:
- In the Theme Editor, click the colored square next to the name of the resource you want to change. The Resources dialog appears, which displays a list of color groups on the left side, and settings and information for the currently selected resource color on the right.
- Set a color for the theme resource by either selecting a color from the left panel, or by defining a new color, as described below.
Select a color
The colors are listed in the left column of the Resources dialog and arranged into the following groups.
- Project: These are colors inside your project. Some can be edited because they are part of your project sources, and some cannot be edited because they are part of the libraries you have included in your project.
- android: These are color resources that belong to the android namespace. They are part of the Android framework and cannot be edited.
- Theme Attributes: These are attributes of the currently selected theme. They are referenced by the theme and can change depending on what theme you have selected. Theme attributes are never editable from inside the Resources dialog.
Define a new color
- From the drop-down menu in the top-right of the Resources dialog, click Add new resource > New color Value. The Resources dialog displays an editable right pane with a blank Name field so you can enter a name for your custom color.
- Create the custom color as follows. The steps correspond to the callouts in figure 1.
- Type a name for your new color value in the empty Name field. No spaces or special characters allowed in the name. Underscores and numbers are okay.
- Color scale, Custom color field, and dropper:
- On the color scale, click the color you want. The color displays in the Custom color field.
- You can use the dropper to the left of the Custom color field to select a color. Click the dropper , and then click something visible anywhere on your computer screen. The color in the Custom color field changes to the color you selected.
- Just below the Custom color field, use the editable fields and drop-down menu on the left to specify an
RGB
,HSB
, orARGB
color by numeric values. The HEX equivalent of your color displays in the editable field to the far right. - To set the color opacity and hue, move the sliders below the color scale.
- Select one of the available predefined color squares. The color displays in the Custom Color field and the name changes to the name of the color you selected.
- Click OK to save your settings. The Resources dialog closes and returns you to the Theme Editor.
Modify a color
You can modify any editable color. If a color is editable, you see editable color, hue, opacity, name field, and device configuration fields. See Select Color if you want to know why some fields are editable and others are not.
- Adjust the settings.
- Click OK.
Match material color
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If you have defined or modified a custom project color, you canensure that the color matches the closest material palette color by clicking CLOSEST MATERIALCOLOR, located next to Custom color. Android Studio changes the color and opacity valuesof the color you picked to the material color most like it, and replaces Custom color withthe name of the color from the material palette.
Note: The CLOSEST MATERIAL COLOR feature is visible only when the color is not already a material color.
Viewing state lists and colors
The Theme Editor allows you to previewcolors associated with different states. To do so, open the Resources dialog byclicking on the color set square next to the name of an editable state list resource. TheResources dialog displays a list of states, such as Selected, and thecolor value associated with the state. Click the color for a state to choose a differentcolor value.
To more fully control the states themselves, you can directly view and edit theirproperties in the XML file that defines them. For more information, see thedocumentation for the
ColorStateList
class.Device-specific configurations
When a color is editable, you can choosedevice-specific configurations for your app to support. Performthe following steps to do so:
- Open the Resources dialog. For information about how to open the Resources dialog, see Changing color resources.
- Select a Project color, and then in the bottom of the right pane, click to expand Device Configuration, revealingthe source set and name of the XML file containing theresource, and a list of configuration-specific directories in which toplace that file.
- If necessary, change the XML file name.
- Check the boxes next to the directories corresponding to thedevice-specific configurations you wish to support. Any configurationfor which you do not specify a directory defaults to using the
values
directory.
For more information about the relationshipbetween directory names and configurations, seeSupporting Multiple Screens. For more information aboutsupported directory names, seeProviding Resources.
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Let's take a look at how to apply styles and themes to our Android app. The Theme Preview tool allows us to see how the new theme will look on our app. You'll be able to see how the UI elements will look when you apply the theme. A well designed theme can set your app apart, and help you to develop faster.
- 0:00[treehouse™ presents]
- 0:03[Quick Tips: Android App Themes with Ben Jakuben]
- 0:05Hi, I'm Ben,
- 0:07and in this Treehouse Quick Tip, we'll take a look
- 0:09at how to apply styles and themes to our app.
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- 0:13you can completely change how your app looks
- 0:15with a simple theme change, much like
- 0:17switching CSS files for web pages.
- 0:19I created a sample activity that has a bunch of
- 0:22widgets on it, so we can easily see how changing
- 0:24themes affects the look of different UI elements.
- 0:27The first thing we'll cover is the handy dandy
- 0:30Theme Preview tool in the graphical layout editor.
- 0:33Up at the top is a drop down
- 0:35that currently says 'AppTheme.'
- 0:37We can use this to preview different themes
- 0:39in our activities.
- 0:41The list is populated with default Android themes.
- 0:44Switch to Holo, Theme.Holo,
- 0:48and everything goes dark.
- 0:50Now if I switch to Holo Light
- 0:55everything goes back to the light theme.
- 0:59The last 2 choices show the basic Android themes
- 1:01from before Ice Cream Sandwich.
- 1:03So, if I select Theme.Black,
- 1:06I get a darker theme with the older-style UI elements,
- 1:09and Theme.Light
- 1:13gives me the brighter theme,
- 1:15but changing the preview here doesn't actually change
- 1:17the theme for the activity.
- 1:19To do that, we need to set the theme
- 1:21in the Android manifest.
- 1:23To set a theme for our entire application,
- 1:25meaning that it will be applied to all of our activities,
- 1:27let's open the AndroidManifest file.
- 1:30Select the Application tab,
- 1:33and then click on the Browse button
- 1:35next to the Theme field.
- 1:38Select System Resources,
- 1:40and then scroll down or type 'theme'
- 1:42to get down to the Theme section of the list.
- 1:45Select the Default theme,
- 1:47click Okay, and Save.
- 1:50If we want to set a theme for a specific activity,
- 1:52scroll down and click on that activity
- 1:55in the Application Nodes section
- 1:57at the bottom of the screen,
- 1:59then browse for the theme like we did before
- 2:01for the theme field for the activity.
- 2:03System Resources, type 'theme,'
- 2:05and there's the list again.
- 2:07I'll just cancel for now.
- 2:09Okay, let's go back to our layout,
- 2:11and since there aren't really that many
- 2:13choices here for themes,
- 2:15let's talk about creating our own.
- 2:17Open up styles.xml
- 2:20in the Values folder inside the Res directory.
- 2:25Let's switch over to the plain XML view.
- 2:27We have 1 theme already in here, the
- 2:29AppTheme that we already saw for our app.
- 2:31We can change this theme or create a new one.
- 2:34Let's just make a new one.
- 2:36On a new line type:
- 2:38style name=
- 2:40and let's call this 'Custom Theme.'
- 2:44I'm going to set the parent as
- 2:46android:Theme.Black.
- 2:52Choosing a parent theme ensures that everything will at least
- 2:54be covered by a basic theme, and it allows us to
- 2:56build on top of an existing theme.
- 2:59Inside the theme, we can add all sorts of items to style.
- 3:02Let's add 3 to see how to make some basic changes.
- 3:04Type: item
- 3:08name=android:background.
- 3:12Close our tag and, now, for the value,
- 3:14type in a hexadecimal color.
- 3:17Let's use #D3E4E8.
- 3:21Next, on a new line type in:
- 3:24item name=
- 3:27android:textColor.
- 3:33We need another hexadecimal value here, so let's use
- 3:35a nice dark blue, #222E63.
- 3:40Lastly, type:
- 3:42item name=
- 3:44android:textSize,
- 3:47[typing]
- 3:49and let's blow up our text to 32sp.
- 3:52Good, let's save our changes.
- 3:54The cool thing is we can take a look at this in the Preview view.
- 3:57Switch back to our layout,
- 3:59and up here at the top in the Drop-down list,
- 4:02we should now have our theme inside the Project Themes.
- 4:04If your theme doesn't show up, you may need to clean your project
- 4:07and/or close and reopen the Screen Layout tab.
- 4:11Okay, select Custom Theme,
- 4:13and voilà, there's our fancy custom theme.
- 4:16Now some things don't look right with the text size we chose,
- 4:19but you can fix that by editing the Theme file,
- 4:22and, look, it even previews the themes over here
- 4:24for the widgets in the palette.
- 4:27This was just a quick introduction to demonstrate
- 4:29the power of themes and the ease of setting them.
- 4:32Creating a custom theme can get quite complex,
- 4:34depending on how much you want to control the details,
- 4:37but it can really set your app apart,
- 4:39and establishing a good use of themes,
- 4:41will help you develop more quickly.
- 4:44If you'd like to see more advanced videos and tutorials
- 4:47like this one, go to TeamTreehouse.com
- 4:50and start learning for free.
- 4:52[treehouse™]
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